Alternate, but less common, approaches include phonology (the spoken language) and the number of phonemes (sounds). In terms of the traditional Welsh alphabet, the name is only 51 letters long, as certain digraphs in Welsh are considered as single letters, for instance ll, ng and ch. Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateapokaiwhenuakitanatahu (57 letters), which is a hill in New Zealand. The longest English word typable using only the top row of letters has 11 letters: Since the bottom row contains no vowels, no standard words can be formed. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. [41], Titin is a large abundant protein of striated muscle. [39] There also exists a titin homologue, ttn-1, in C. The titin domains have evolved from a common ancestor through many gene duplication events. According to Eckler, the longest words likely to be encountered in general text are deinstitutionalization and counterrevolutionaries, with 22 letters each. TTN (Titin) is a Protein Coding gene. The difference between low-and high- stretch elasticity is due to electrostatic stiffening and hydrophobic effects. a guest . As it appears nowhere else except in reference to this passage, it is generally not accepted as a real word. 463 . The idea and invention of the word is credited to songwriters Robert and Richard Sherman. [25] Titin consists primarily of a linear array of two types of modules, also referred to as protein domains (244 copies in total): type I fibronectin type III domain (132 copies) and type II immunoglobulin domain (112 copies). The full chemical name, containing 189,819 letters, is sometimes stated to be the longest word in the English language. Antidisestablishmentarianism is the longest common example of a word formed by agglutinative construction. Titin mutations are associated with hereditary myopathy with early respiratory failure, early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy, core myopathy with heart disease, centronuclear myopathy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J, familial dilated cardiomyopathy 9,[10][46] hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and tibial muscular dystrophy. 4UOW, 1BPV, 1G1C, 1NCT, 1NCU, 1TIT, 1TIU, 1TKI, 1TNM, 1TNN, 1WAA, 1YA5, 2A38, 2BK8, 2F8V, 2ILL, 2J8H, 2J8O, 2NZI, 2RQ8, 2WP3, 2WWK, 2WWM, 2Y9R, 3KNB, 3LCY, 3LPW, 3PUC, 3Q5O, 3QP3, 4C4K, 4JNW, 4O00, 4QEG, 5BS0, Titin /ˈtaɪtɪn/, also known as connectin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTN gene. This protein plays an important role in muscles the body uses for movement (skeletal muscles) and in heart (cardiac) … In Māori, the digraphs ng and wh are each treated as single letters. However, this name, proposed by B. Dybowski, was invalidated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature in 1929 after being petitioned by Mary J. Rathbun to take up the case.[24]. [14] Within the gene are found a large number of PEVK (proline-glutamate-valine-lysine -abundant structural motifs) exons 84 to 99 nucleotides in length which code for conserved 28- to 33-residue motifs which may represent structural units of the titin PEVK spring. James Joyce made up nine 100-letter words plus one 101-letter word in his novel Finnegans Wake, the most famous of which is Bababadalgharaghtakamminarronnkonnbronntonnerronntuonnthunntrovarrhounawnskawntoohoohoordenenthurnuk. Other giant sarcomeric proteins made out of Fn3/Ig repeats include obscurin and myomesin. It is homologous to vertebrate titin I-band and contains Ig PEVK domains, the many repeats being a hot target for splicing. It is a species of soldier fly. - Oxford Dictionaries Online, "World's longest name of an animal. [10] It limits the range of motion of the sarcomere in tension, thus contributing to the passive stiffness of muscle. Words with certain characteristics of notable length, Gammaracanthuskytodermogammarus loricatobaicalensis, Aequeosalinocalcalinoceraceoaluminosocupreovitriolic, Coined around 1935 to be the longest word; press reports on puzzle league members legitimized it somewhat. ABSTENTIOUS. Some people have heard of the protein(I think it's a protein) - Titin. Under the long number scale, it would be 106(6560) = 1039360. The IUPAC nomenclature for organic chemical compounds is open-ended, giving rise to the 189,819-letter chemical name Methionylthreonylthreonyl...isoleucine for the protein also known as titin, which is involved in striated muscle formation. First appeared in the MWNID supplement, 1939. The following table lists the known titin isoforms: Titin is the largest known protein; its human variant consists of 34,351 amino acids, with the molecular weight of the mature "canonical" isoform of the protein being approximately 3,816,188.13 Da. Not a member of Pastebin yet? Attempts to say the entire word have taken two, Technical; not in dictionary; whether this is a word is disputed, Technical; contrived coinage to make it the longest word, Unclear in source work, has been cited as a, Longest non-contrived word in a major dictionary, The act of regarding something as unimportant, Longest non-contrived and nontechnical word. The length of the entire word is jaw-droppingly awe-inspiring whether it ever makes it to a lexicon or not! [35], Titin A-band has homologs in invertebrates, such as twitchin (unc-22) and projectin, which also contain Ig and FNIII repeats and a protein kinase domain. The state of being able to achieve honours, From about 1975 to 1985, the recordholder was Adolph Blaine Charles David Earl Frederick Gerald Hubert Irvin John Kenneth Lloyd Martin Nero Oliver Paul Quincy Randolph Sherman Thomas Uncas Victor William Xerxes Yancy Zeus Wolfeschlegelsteinhausenbergerdorffvoralternwarengewissenhaftschaferswessenschafewarenwohlgepflegeundsorgfaltigkeitbeschutzenvonangreifendurchihrraubgierigfeindewelchevoralternzwolftausendjahresvorandieerscheinenwanderersteerdemenschderraumschiffgebrauchlichtalsseinursprungvonkraftgestartseinlangefahrthinzwischensternartigraumaufdersuchenachdiesternwelchegehabtbewohnbarplanetenkreisedrehensichundwohinderneurassevonverstandigmenschlichkeitkonntefortplanzenundsicherfreuenanlebenslanglichfreudeundruhemitnichteinfurchtvorangreifenvonandererintelligentgeschopfsvonhinzwischensternartigraum, Senior (746 letters), also known as. Throughout evolution, titin mechanical strength appears to decrease through the loss of disulfide bonds as the organism becomes heavier. The protein contributes to force transmission at the Z line and resting tension in the I band region. Never . How to say titin in English? Centriole staining in human, mouse and zebrafish cells", "Nature of PEVK-titin elasticity in skeletal muscle", "Properties of titin immunoglobulin and fibronectin-3 domains", "D-Titin: a giant protein with dual roles in chromosomes and muscles", "Extensive and modular intrinsically disordered segments in C. elegans TTN-1 and implications in filament binding, elasticity and oblique striation", "Human autoantibodies reveal titin as a chromosomal protein", "Whole-exome sequencing identifies a potential TTN mutation in a multiplex family with inguinal hernia", "Familial dilated cardiomyopathy locus maps to chromosome 2q31", "Tibial muscular dystrophy is a titinopathy caused by mutations in TTN, the gene encoding the giant skeletal-muscle protein titin", "HEART DISEASE. Titin / ˈ t aɪ t ɪ n /, juga dikenal sebagai konektin, adalah suatu protein yang pada manusia, dikodekan oleh gen TTN. [22] The protein's empirical chemical formula is C169,719H270,466N45,688O52,238S911. [22] Its mouse homologue is even larger, comprising 35,213 amino acids with a MW of 3,906,487.6 Da. ", "pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis – definition of pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis in English from the Oxford dictionary", "Floccinaucinihilipilification" by Michael Quinion, What is the longest English word? [43][44] Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. More detail at, In recent times its usage has been recorded in the proceedings of the United States Senate by Senator, Paux et al. The name titin is derived from the Greek Titan (a giant deity, anything of great size). The longest word in that dictionary is electroencephalographically (27 letters). Check it out. Today OED and several others list it, but citations are almost always as "longest word". The Oxford English Dictionary contains pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (30 letters). Choose from our Titin … The chemical formula is: C 132983 H 211861 N 36149 O 40883 S 693. It has roles in the elasticity of both muscle and chromosomes. The longest word in English has 189,819 letters and would take you about two hours to mumble through. Sylvia Plath made mention of it in her semi-autobiographical novel The Bell Jar, when the protagonist was reading Finnegans Wake. [15] In 1977, Koscak Maruyama and coworkers isolated an elastic protein from muscle fiber which they called connectin. In Canada, the longest place name is Dysart, Dudley, Harcourt, Guilford, Harburn, Bruton, Havelock, Eyre and Clyde, a township in Ontario, at 61 letters or 68 non-space characters.[28]. At high extensions PEVK stretching can be modeled with a modified WLC model that incorporates enthalpic elasticity. Variations in the sequence of titin between different types of muscle (e.g., cardiac or skeletal) have been correlated with differences in the mechanical properties of these muscles.[5][11]. Thomas Love Peacock put these creations into the mouth of the phrenologist Mr. Cranium in his 1816 romp Headlong Hall: osteosarchaematosplanchnochondroneuromuelous (44 characters) and osseocarnisanguineoviscericartilaginonervomedullary (51 characters). Titin's primary functions are to stabilize the thick filament, center it between the thin filaments, prevent overstretching of the sarcomere, and to recoil the sarcomere like a spring after it is stretched. The word was deliberately coined to be the longest word in English, and has since been used[citation needed] in a close approximation of its originally intended meaning, lending at least some degree of validity to its claim.[6]. Dec 23rd, 2015. The length of a word may also be understood in multiple ways. [23] In 1965, the Chemical Abstracts Service overhauled its naming system and started discouraging excessively long names. [36][37][38], Drosophila Titin, also known as Kettin or sallimus (sls), is kinase-free. [29] It is “stretch-sensitive” and helps repair overstretching of the sarcomere. The 58-letter name Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch is the name of a town on Anglesey, an island of Wales. The longest word in English has 189,819 letters and would take you three and a half hours to pronounce correctly. One who doesn’t indulge in excesses, especially food and drink; at 11 letters this is … Methionylthreonylthreonylglutaminylarginyltyrosylglutamylserylleucylphenylalanylalanylglutaminylleuc … [26] The word is composed of the following elements: The longest officially recognized place name in an English-speaking country is [17], As the largest known protein, titin also has the longest IUPAC name of a protein. The longest known word in English, at 189,819 letters, is the chemical name of titin. The longest place name in the United States (45 letters) is Chargoggagoggmanchauggagoggchaubunagungamaugg, a lake in Webster, Massachusetts. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Gammaracanthuskytodermogammarus loricatobaicalensis is sometimes cited as the longest binomial name—it is a kind of amphipod. Titin is a giant protein that functions as a molecular spring which is responsible for the passive elasticity of muscle. Titin's Chemical Name (Full Form) of 189,819 … raw download clone embed print report. Diseases associated with TTN include Myopathy, Myofibrillar, 9, With Early Respiratory Failure and Tibial Muscular Dystrophy, Tardive.Among its related pathways are Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+.Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include nucleic acid binding and identical protein … One of the main job of this protein is to provide flexibility, structure and stability to Sarcomeres's cell structures. text 187.17 KB . This is the complete chemical name of titin—the largest known protein. Titin is the largest known protein. [8] These domains unfold when the protein is stretched and refold when the tension is removed. [33] At low to moderate extensions PEVK elasticity can be modeled with a standard worm-like chain (WLC) model of entropic elasticity. Titin is also … The longest official geographical name in Australia is Mamungkukumpurangkuntjunya. The titin protein is located between the myosin thick filament and the Z disk. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. The identity of the longest word in English depends upon the definition of what constitutes a word in the English language, as well as how length should be compared. … Details. [30] It has 26 letters and is a Pitjantjatjara word meaning "where the Devil urinates".[31]. Why is the chemical name for Titin so long? [28] Drosophila projectin, officially known as bent (bt), is associated with lethality by failing to escape the egg in some mutations as well as dominant changes in wing angles. [18], The word internationalization is abbreviated "i18n", the embedded number representing the number of letters between the first and the last.[19][20][21]. English Etymology. Full Name of Titin - Pastebin.com. Consisting of a series of Latin words meaning "nothing" and defined as "the act of estimating something as worthless"; its usage has been recorded as far back as 1741. In Ireland, the longest English place name at 19 letters is Newtownmountkennedy in County Wicklow. Titin is the third most abundant protein in muscle (after myosin and actin), and an adult human contains approximately 0.5 kg of titin. (2008) Science, Vol. It has 189,819 letters. Soon you’ll see why it is the largest… Titin is the short name for an extremely massive protein molecule. The number of PEVK motifs in the titin gene appears to have increased during evolution, apparently modifying the genomic region responsible for titin's spring properties.[20]. In musical notation, an 8192nd note may be called a semihemidemisemihemidemisemihemidemisemiquaver. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary does not contain antidisestablishmentarianism (28 letters), as the editors found no widespread, sustained usage of the word in its original meaning. The official name of the place is Llanfairpwllgwyngyll, commonly abbreviated to Llanfairpwll or Llanfair PG. [47] Further research also suggests that no genetically linked form of any dystrophy or myopathy can be safely excluded from being caused by a mutation on the TTN gene. Titin is a protein found in muscle tissue. Appearing on the first page, it allegedly represents the symbolic thunderclap associated with the fall of Adam and Eve. Titin mutations in iPS cells define sarcomere insufficiency as a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy", "The hydrophilic domain of small ankyrin-1 interacts with the two N-terminal immunoglobulin domains of titin", "Functional defects of a muscle-specific calpain, p94, caused by mutations associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A", "Muscle-specific calpain, p94, responsible for limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A, associates with connectin through IS2, a p94-specific sequence", "Subcellular targeting of metabolic enzymes to titin in heart muscle may be mediated by DRAL/FHL-2", "Obscurin, a giant sarcomeric Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor protein involved in sarcomere assembly", "The NH2 terminus of titin spans the Z-disc: its interaction with a novel 19-kD ligand (T-cap) is required for sarcomeric integrity", "Solution scattering suggests cross-linking function of telethonin in the complex with titin", "Two immunoglobulin-like domains of the Z-disc portion of titin interact in a conformation-dependent way with telethonin", "Ask the experts - What is the longest English word? Full Name of Titin Methionylalanylthreonylserylarginylglycylalanylserylarginylcysteinylproly-... 2. This word takes roughly 3 hours to pronounce. Our Titin Peptides and Titin Proteins can be used in a variety of model species: Human. Zhixia Zhong, ... Kris Noel Dahl, in Methods in Cell Biology, 2010. [34] Domain duplication was facilitated by the fact that most domains are encoded by single exons. It has 189,819 letters. [5][6] Titin is a giant protein, greater than 1 µm in length,[7] that functions as a molecular spring which is responsible for the passive elasticity of muscle. The attributed meaning is "a word that you say when you don't know what to say." [14][15][16], Ross Eckler has noted that most of the longest English words are not likely to occur in general text, meaning non-technical present-day text seen by casual readers, in which the author did not specifically intend to use an unusually long word. The name titin is derived … Also Know, what is titin and what is its full chemical name? This is sometimes referred to as agglutinative construction. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle-associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. Titin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTN gene. The full chemical name of the human canonical form of titin, which starts methionyl... and ends ...isoleucine, contains 189,819 letters and is sometimes stated to be the longest word in the English language, or of any language. It's Hard to Say", "Science Links Japan | Two Unique Aftercataracts Requiring Surgical Removal", "Dictionary entry for monimolimnion, a word that, at 13 letters, is longer than any of the words linked in the source above", A Collection of Word Oddities and Trivia – Long words, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Longest_word_in_English&oldid=1005902643, Articles with dead external links from August 2010, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles that may contain original research from August 2017, All articles that may contain original research, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Longest known word overall by magnitudes. After 1985 Guinness briefly awarded the record to a newborn girl with a longer name. Reiji Natori in 1954 was the first to propose an elastic structure in muscle fiber to account for the return to the resting state when muscles are stretched and then released. [12][8] However, the exact number of these domains is different in different species. Pronunciation of titin with 2 audio pronunciations, 2 meanings, 6 translations, 1 sentence and more for titin. Characterization and Function", "Titin: major myofibrillar components of striated muscle", "Series of exon-skipping events in the elastic spring region of titin as the structural basis for myofibrillar elastic diversity", "Disulfide isomerization reactions in titin immunoglobulin domains enable a mode of protein elasticity", "Regulation of skeletal muscle stiffness and elasticity by titin isoforms: a test of the segmental extension model of resting tension", "A Titan but not necessarily a ruler: assessing the role of titin during thick filament patterning and assembly", "Titin, Z repeat (IPR015129) < InterPro < EMBL-EBI", "Epitope of titin A-band-specific monoclonal antibody Tit1 5 H1.1 is highly conserved in several Fn3 domains of the titin molecule. In his play Assemblywomen (Ecclesiazousae), the ancient Greek comedic playwright Aristophanes created a word of 171 letters (183 in the transliteration below), which describes a dish by stringing together its ingredients: Where left you Chrononhotonthologos?". Guinness World Records formerly contained a category for longest personal name used. structural molecule activity conferring elasticity, GO:0048552 regulation of catalytic activity, skeletal muscle myosin thick filament assembly, GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000155657, GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000051747, "Unfolding of titin domains explains the viscoelastic behavior of skeletal myofibrils", "Damped elastic recoil of the titin spring in myofibrils of human myocardium", "The complete gene sequence of titin, expression of an unusual approximately 700-kDa titin isoform, and its interaction with obscurin identify a novel Z-line to I-band linking system", "Skinned Fibres of Skeletal Muscle and the Mechanism of Muscle Contraction－A Chronological Account of the Author's Investigations into Muscle Physiology", "Connectin, an elastic protein of muscle. Titin has got 189,819 letters in the full chemical name, and I was wondering.. From the chemicals which constitute the protein. [22] It has a theoretical instability index (II) of 42.41, classifying the protein as unstable. The TTN gene provides instructions for making a very large protein called titin. [9], Titin is important in the contraction of striated muscle tissues. "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious", the 34-letter title of a song from the movie Mary Poppins, does appear in several dictionaries, but only as a proper noun defined in reference to the song title. For example, the wheat chromosome 3B contains almost 1 billion base pairs,[22] so the sequence of one of its strands, if written out in full like Adenilyladenilylguanilylcystidylthymidyl..., would be about 8 billion letters long. This process can create arbitrarily long words: for example, the prefixes pseudo (false, spurious) and anti (against, opposed to) can be added as many times as desired. [5][6], Dominant mutation in TTN causes predisposition to hernias. [17], A computer study of over a million samples of normal English prose found that the longest word one is likely to encounter on an everyday basis is uncharacteristically, at 20 letters. [17][18], Siegfried Labeit in 1990 isolated a partial cDNA clone of titin. [60] However, lexicographers regard generic names of chemical compounds as verbal formulae rather than English words. [14][19], The human gene encoding for titin is located on the long arm of chromosome 2 and contains 363 exons, which together code for 38,138 residues (4200 kDa). [8] Labeit and colleagues in 2001 determined the complete sequence of the human titin gene. [42] An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. It means "Fishing Place at the Boundaries – Neutral Meeting Grounds" and is sometimes facetiously translated as "you fish your side of the water, I fish my side of the water, nobody fishes the middle". Exceptions might include, The longest words typable by alternating left and right hands are, This page was last edited on 10 February 2021, at 00:55. [13], The longest non-technical word in major dictionaries is floccinaucinihilipilification at 29 letters. [22] The protein's in vivo half-life, the time it takes for half of the amount of protein in a cell to break down after its synthesis in the cell, is predicted to be approximately 30 hours (in mammalian reticulocytes).[21]. Long birth names are often coined in protest of naming laws or for other personal reasons. The other end of titin … Titins, also known as connectins, are a family of giant elastic proteins first found in vertebrate striated muscle.Titin is the largest known human protein… C Nuclear Titin. Parastratiosphecomyia stratiosphecomyioides is the longest accepted binomial name. February 10, 2019 telugubadi English, Longest, Longest Word In English. The name is in the Māori language. It connects the Z line to the M line in the sarcomere. All 189,819 letters of the chemical name of titin, the largest known protein. The exception is the small cardiac novex-3 isoform, which is only 5,604 amino acid residues in length.
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